Apartheid in South Africa Essay Example for Free

Apartheid in South Africa Essay The Apartheid legislation was a system of governance that made a huge impact in South Africa in the 20th century. It was introduced by the national party after they were elected in the 1948 election. It was a form of segregation that discriminated against the races in South Africa. It was the law in South Africa for 46 years. The Apartheid sparked lots of internal resistance with violent riots and protests taking place by groups of people. Nelson Mandela was a leading force in the opposition on Apartheid and did everything in his powers to destroy it. His voice was heard all over the country when he was the leader of Anti Apartheid movements and when he was in jail. Apartheid Legislation had a detrimental impact on society in South Africa. It was pioneered in 1948 by the newly appointed national party of South Africa when they came to power. The struggle for the end of Apartheid was long lived as it lasted until 1994 when the National party lost the election. Apartheid was the segregation of the South African people into different race groups such coloured, white, Asian and Indian. Residential areas were segregated as well as Education, medi-care, beaches, and other public areas. Although the residential areas and other public facilities were separated, the quality of living for the blacks was substantially less than that of which the whites enjoyed. Sports in South Africa were also majorly affected as South Africa was banned from some international sports such as cricket. Women weren’t left out of the equation as they struggled to gain proper rights and freedoms as most of the men experienced. Black people or natives, over time, were deprived of their citizenships and forced to live in tribes with their own people away from the city. Numerous laws were made that affected the black people immensely and stripped them of their rights and freedoms. Apartheid struck society hugely at the time of its induction and changed the way life was lived. Many factors contributed to the severity of Apartheid, no more so than the new laws that were created shortly after its introduction. These laws were made to discriminate directly against the blacks of South Africa and create white supremacy. As a result of these laws many black people in the community struggled for basic rights and freedoms. The first powerful law to be created was the  Preservation of Separate Amenities Act 1953. This law separated all parts of society from blacks and whites. The separation wasn’t equal and as a result of this the black people got the inferior side of every facility. This was the separation of every aspect of society from beaches and parks to toilets and shops. The main aim was to exclude citizens from Premises, vehicles or services based on their race. The best facilities were reserved for the white people. Education was not spared as another law was made (Bantu Education Act 1951) that restricted black children from receiving the same education as the white children. The government at the time thought that the career opportunities for black kids were limited and they were best to learn skills that would help their families in their tribes. As of that day, the black children received a substantially lower level of education than the white children of South Africa. The government spent six times as much money on white education which only made up about 20% of the country at that time. Nelson Mandela valued Education so highly in his views and once said that â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. [1] Both of these laws helped to create a large gap in society between the black and white people, one being very much better off than the other. Apartheid in South Africa aimed to strip the black people of all their rights and freedoms. This was achieved by two controversial laws. The Abolition of passes act 1953 and the Bantu Homeland act 1952. The abolition of passes act forced black people to carry identifica tion with them at all times. A pass included a photograph, details of place of origin, employment record, tax payments, and encounters with the police. It was a criminal offence to not be carrying a pass when encountered by a police officer. Africans were frequently harassed for their passes and countless numbers were arrested for it. Local citizens burned them or didn’t carry them as a sign of protest. Mass protests by blacks by not carrying their passes lead to the murder of 69 in the ‘Sharpeville Massacre’. The Bantu Homeland act was the second law that took everything away from the blacks. Through this law, the white government declares that the lands reserved for black Africans are independent nations therefore, not being a part of South Africa. In this way, the government was able to strip millions of blacks of their South African citizenship and force them to become residents of their new homelands. Blacks were then considered foreigners in white-controlled South Africa, and needed passports to enter. Blacks only entered to perform jobs that assisted whites. The law was made to ensure that the White people of South Africa would inhabit most of the main areas of the country leaving the Blacks to live on the outskirts in shocking conditions. A quote by an influential student leader Steve Bantu Biko The blacks are tired of standing at the touchlines to witness a game that they should be playing. They want to do things for themselves and all by themselves. [2] suggests that the blacks were sick of having no place in society and want their own rights and freedoms which was the obvious feeling at the time. This law is a huge violation of human rights and really emphasised the affects of the new government regime at the time. The Anti Apartheid movements were influential movements that fought for the destruction of Apartheid legislation in South Africa. They were a worldwide movement that aimed to abolish South Africa’s government system of Racial Apartheid. The anti Apartheid movement came into action both within and outside South Africa. The ANC was the first movement to be created. A second organization Split from the ANC and called themselves the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). They used civil disobedience, strikes and protest marches to oppose the apartheid legislation. After the ‘Sharpeville Massacre’, when police opened fire and killed 69 protestors, the direction of the movement changed. The ANC decided to adopt armed resistance against the state. This sparked many protestors to speak out. Both Organisations were banned after this Massacre and it forced them to move into hiding and continue their operations in private. They created an armed military wing ‘Umkhonto we Sizwe’ lead by Nelson Mandela and planned attacks on the state. After their first attack, their leader Mandela was sent to jail for life along with a few other leaders. At the trail to his sentence Mandela he said We are not anti-white, we are against white supremacy †¦ we have condemned racialism no matter by whom it is professed. [3]This quote shows that Mandela wasn’t racist and just wanted quality and proper human rights. Many bouts of protest broke out in South Africa after the massacre and trial, mostly by school students, and groups were made to speak out against the Apartheid legislation. The movement were starting to gain momentum and there voices were being heard further around the world. The Anti Apartheid movements were the cor nerstone to the destruction of Apartheid legislation. The movements are the reason for the popularity loss of Apartheid and the rise of Nelson Mandela as a civil rights activist. The Arrests and killing of influential members of the movement only sparked up a bigger, more aggressive reaction and more people wanted to get involved in the cause. The black conscientious movement was made by black tertiary students in 1971 and represented black pride. This idea of black pride empowered many South Africans to believe that they are a strong people and can fight for their rights. Students in Soweto in 1979 rose up against Apartheid inspired by many around them. While in protest 29 were killed and many injured by police opening fire. This sparked more and more people to rise up against the state. Labour unions played a massive role in the struggle against apartheid. In 1979 as a result of the protesting, black trade unions were legalized which was a massive win. At the same time church groups also spoke out against the evils of Apartheid. All of these people were inspired by the actions of the Anti Apartheid movements that went before them. Thabo Mbeki a South African Politian summed up the views of many South Africans at the time by saying â€Å"South Africa belongs to all who live in it, black or white. [4] This view was felt across the country by the struggling black people. The ANC and PAC affected most of the population of South Africa in some way and help get rid of the Apartheid legislation. They were the cause for the changes that took place in society over the years. Nelson Mandela played arguably the biggest role in the destruction of the Apartheid legislation in South Africa. Working with the ANC he S poke out against Apartheid and the injustice to his people. Mandela worked hard as the leader of the ANC and planned many protests on the state to help push for the abolishment of Apartheid. He was one of the most influential speakers of his time and many oppressed people heard his voice loud and clear. Under apartheid Mandela served nearly 27 years in prison but he never gave up the fight. When Mandela was imprisoned at Robben Island he continued his work and teachings. In South Africa and around the world, Nelson Mandelas anti-apartheid messages gained in popularity. This meant that his voice was heard by more and more people. Many tried to free him when he was in jail. Support for Mandela was so immense that he was able to be equitted of his charges and released in 1990. Before he was released the PM of South Africa at the time said As soon as he renounces violence and undertakes not to start violence in South Africa, government will release him. [5]The quotes suggest that the government did not want any further violence from his demonstrations in the near future otherwise he would be kept in jail and if he showed no signs of violence he would be let out. This shows trust between the two. He was able to become the leader of the ANC once again and was a leading force in South Africa. He was able to negotiate a multi-racial election in 1994 where his party won. He became prime minister and with this he abolished Apartheid legislation. In his Inaugural speech as prime minister he says â€Å"Today we are entering a new era for our country and our people. Today we celebrate not the victory of a party, but a victory for all the people of South Africa†[6]. This optimism really highlighted his attitude towards life and freedom and is why he was such a loved and influential leader. Without his voice throughout the country and the world, South Africa would have struggled to get out the Government legislation that was Apartheid Apartheid legislation in South Africa was immensely influential on society. It was one of the worst legislations to ever be put down by a government. The black community of South Africa was severely affected by this legislation with most of their rights and freedoms stripped off them. As a result of the laws and other factors, the majority of the native South Africans lived a lift without the freedom and rights that most enjoy today. Nelson Mandela with the help of the Anti Apartheid organisations pushed to stop the legislation in its tracks. He was eventually successful with his peruse of freedom and because of this he is one of the most influential men to have ever lived.

Commentary on the poem Night of the Scorpion Essay examples -- English

Commentary on the poem Night of the Scorpion Commentary The poem â€Å"Night of the Scorpion†, written by Nissin Ezekiel has an interesting contrast of good and bad hidden within it (an essence of equality). The poet has made the mother’s experience of getting bitten by a scorpion sound very painful and endless. The poet has conveyed this by using some descriptive language. E.g. â€Å"May the poison purify your flesh of desire, and your spirit of ambition†. This poem which was written by the first person, has other techniques such as; alliteration – â€Å"I watched the flame feeding on my mother†; tone of voice (short sentences giving a tense atmosphere) – â€Å"My father, sceptic, rationalist, trying every excuse and blessing†. In addition, the narrator gives the impression that everyone was concerned about his mother getting bitten. â€Å"More candles, more lanterns, more neighbours†¦ They sat around the floor with my mother in the centre†. From this passage, it seems that everyone trying to support her and getting rid of the pain that the horrible sting had caused. Although, ...

Literacy: Mrs. Fleming Essay

There are few fundamental skills in life that are of greater importance than the ability to read and understand the written word. It can take a person of any background as far as they can dream. This is truly evident in the essay, â€Å"Superman and Me†, by Sherman Alexie which tells of the author’s struggle growing up poor on a Native American reservation in Washington State. From a young age, his literacy became Alexie’s saving grace, thanks to his father who inspired him to begin reading. This inspiration changed the path of his life. I, too, was inspired and encouraged at a young age to be a great reader by my Mother and a special teacher. I am thankful to my Mother for starting me on my path to literacy. I grew up in a house full of books, music and loud women. My Mom was never without a book in her hand, my middle sister loved to sing and write poetry and my oldest sister always had her eight tracks blaring. From the time that I was tiny, I wanted to be just like my Mother. She had beautiful hair, perfect makeup, and lovely flowing dresses. Since I was too young for these things, I latched on to something else that my mother loved; books. Alexie felt much the same way about his Father. Alexie writes, â€Å"My father loved books and since I loved my father with an aching devotion, I decided to love books as well† (89). My Mother and I spent many hours roaming the library aisles for our next great read. She encouraged me to try new authors and different genres. I discovered Judy Blume and even attempted Charles Dickens and Louisa Mae Alcott. My Mom challenged me each summer to read as many books as I could and she was always ready for me to tell her all about them. Mama and I still recommend books to one another and tell each other all about the characters that we meet in between the pages of our latest book. I was fortunate enough to have many fantastic teachers during my school years. One teacher In particular is my sixth grade teacher, Mrs. Elizabeth Fleming. I was a twelve year old girl that felt awkward and self-conscience and Mrs. Fleming always found a way to boost my self-confidence. She made  it a point to compliment me every day on anything from how I read aloud in class or what I was wearing or my hair style. Mrs. Fleming’s interest in me built up my self-esteem by leaps and bounds. We also bonded over our mutual love of books. Mrs. Fleming would take the time to ask about a book I was reading and recommend others that she thought I might like. She found ways to let me know that she loved that I was so excited about reading even if it was just a sweet smile that seemed like it was just for me. Mrs. Fleming made me feel special. As an adult, I have, on occasion, run in to Mrs. Fleming and even after all these years she still remembers me as her little bookworm. I am thankful to have had the support and encouragement throughout my life to keep me reading and learning. It continues today as I show my children how fun and entertaining it can be to read a good book I love to read with my girls and the sound of their voice reading on their own is like music to my ears. As I continue my education I hope that they can see through me that a love of reading can take you anywhere you want to go. So dream big†¦and go read a book!

Conflict resolution in the workplace - 800 Words

Conflict resolution in the workplace Introduction Conflict is a fact in any relationship including the work area. Still, it is important to emphasize that some conflicts should not be seen as good or bad, they are just differences. Many times when there are disagreements between players these issues are left on the table without giving much emphasis. Unfortunately some of these conflicts have reached a level that ends in a physical altercation. When things get out of proportion, the sports psychologist is called in to intervene as a third party to mediate the situation. This process can take weeks. This paper attempts to raise awareness to owners of The Sluggers baseball team, their coordinators, managers and coaches, and provide them†¦show more content†¦Now, I stress the fact that these conflicts can happen between teammates, managers to players and vice versa, or between managers and coaches. Unsolved, or unsatisfactorily resolved conflicts perceived by one or all parties in the situation can lead to worse consequences, (Jehn, Rupert, Nauta, 2006). Conflicts do not always come to light immediately because parties will intent to use mechanisms to deal or solve them. These mechanisms are not always the most appropriate. A manager o coach that becomes aware of something going wrong with their team should pay attention and try to solve it before it escalates to another level, (Fisher Santana-Gonzalez, (2013). Addressing a conflict as soon as possible does not mean to be made lightly or quickly. Individuals serving as mediators must be impartial, show true interest between the parties, and above all be prepared in the area of conflict resolution. A mediator should never favor any party, (Montgomery, 1995). Studies related to the perception of asymmetry (inequity or favoritism) in the process of settlement of conflict demonstrate that this can lead to absenteeism, lack of motivation and job dissatisfaction after the resolution, (Jehn et al., 2006).Show MoreRelatedConflict Resolution Of The Workplace1585 Words   |  7 Pages Conflict Resolution Although many of us go great lengths to avoid it, sometimes it is just inevitable. People in the workplace setting will always have different ideas, values, and attitudes than others around them. A conflict can arouse in any given setting, and the affect it can have on those involved can either be negative or positive. Depending on the approach and strategies utilized during and after a conflict will determine the result of the conflict. Conflict helps people recognize legitimateRead MoreConflict Resolution at the Workplace1597 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Workplace Conflict Resolution If you search the word conflict in the dictionary, you are likely to find plenty of negative connotations. Many explain conflict as: coming to collision or a disagreement; clash; contention; controversy; fighting or quarreling, states Random House (1975). As these definitions are negative in nature, most people tend to withdraw when they enter an arena with conflict. Business Environment Conflict If you can recognize and understand exactly what creates conflictRead MoreConflict Resolution Of The Workplace2822 Words   |  12 PagesConflict in the Workplace Kara K. Martin University of South Dakota Abstract While an individual may attempt to avoid conflict in the workplace, there is no way to actually escape it. In the workplace environment, there are a variety of co-worker relationships and challenging work situations that may increase our emotional response. Therefore, it is important for employees to have the skills and abilities to recognize when conflict occurs, identify the type of conflict, and to implementRead MoreConflict Resolution Within The Workplace1224 Words   |  5 Pagesmethods to address conflict resolution within the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to discuss specific techniques and tools to resolve conflict within the workplace. A description of a workplace conflict at my current place of employment will be provided. The impact that cultural norms may have on conflict will be briefly considered. Additionally, the impact that conflict has on leadership’s decision making will be addressed. In discussing resolution of this particular conflict, specifi c techniquesRead MoreConflict Resolution And Resolving Workplace Conflicts1304 Words   |  6 Pages Conflict Resolution Conflicts are inevitable. It is necessary for the advanced practice nurse to have skills in approaching conflicts, negotiations, and resolutions (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, Grady, 2014). According to Hamric et al. (2014), you do not have to feel pressured to instantly agree with other teammates; however, be respectful and listen intently and identify what you are able to offer to the team. Conflicts occur because of the different points of view. They can also happen becauseRead MoreThe Conflict Resolution : The Workplace Rights Against Conflict And Harassment At Workplace Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagestogether. The conflict resolution procedure has been made, as a foundation to ensure that the work environment will stays positive which is under the workplace rights against conflict and harassment at workplace, in the workplace policy have to include informal and formal conflict resolution which to divide small issues at workplace which can be deal within a short time or small action and with the bigger issues at workplace that can be take to the legal team to solve the conflict that will meetRead MoreEssay on Conflict Resolution In The Workplace939 Words   |  4 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Over the past year’s Mr. Diamond we have had problems with disagreements and conflicts between our employees. I believe it is imperative that we work at helpful solutions a nd attempt to stop the conflicts, and limit them as much as possible. I will now present to you my proposal on what the conflicts are, and a solution to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First and foremost we must look at the reasons for the conflict. The goals between the individual and groups of individuals are at times not attainable. WeRead MoreEssay about Conflict Resolution In The Workplace2485 Words   |  10 PagesLook up the word conflict in the dictionary and you will see several negative responses. Descriptions such as: to come into collision or disagreement; be at variance or in opposition; clash; to contend; do battle; controversy; quarrel; antagonism or opposition between interests or principles Random House (1975). With the negative reputation associated with this word, no wonder people tend to shy away when they start to enter into the area of conflict. D. Jordan (1996) suggests that there are twoRead MoreWorkplace Conflict Resolution – a Case Study852 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Conflict Resolution – A Case Study Posted on October 13, 2009 Leaders frequently face situations where conflict arises in the workplace and they’re called upon to resolve the situation.   Although conflict is not generally regarded as a positive experience it actually can be a key opportunity to create change that will reduce friction in the workplace.   We can begin to defuse conflict by understanding what it is and implementing some practical strategies to manage it. Conflict is a naturalRead MoreWorkplace Conflict Resolution Pl Effective And Healthy Lifestyle902 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Conflict Resolution Plan Introduction: Conflict in the workplace is inevitable. Under normal circumstances, the conflict is due to different values, personality, opinions, and goals and needs human outbreak. Workplace seems to establish the value of differences and different points of view, which is what leads to specific conflicts. However, the conflict is not always a bad thing. This may lead to innovative solutions, people with similar views and opinions, it is not possible. The key

Rosa Parks Essay - 945 Words

You May Do That The evening of December 1, 1955, one single woman changed the lives of many people and the way that they would continue to live. Rosa Parks exhibited one womans courage and strength to stand up for what she believed in. Mrs. Parkss decision to remain seated and go against the Believed way sparked the beginning of the American Civil Rights Movement. In this paper I will discuss Rosa Parkss background, her decision against standing up, and how she started the beginning of the American Civil Rights Movement. Racism had tainted her life from the very beginning. During her childhood she attended a one-room school for blacks only. She was only allowed to attend school for a short time due to the ailing health of†¦show more content†¦Together, they had the power to overthrow statutory racial oppression and to change a nation (The Immovable Rosa Parks). Mrs. Parks entered the bus, paid her fare, and took a seat in the middle section of the bus. The back of the bus was deemed the colored section, the front was considered the white section, and the middle section was for either race, however if a white person needed a seat, the black person was expected to give up their seat immediately. The bus made three stops a white man entered the bus and needed a seat, the three other black got out of their seat immediately, but when the driver ordered Rosa to get up she firmly stated no, Mrs. Parks once stated that people always say that I didnt give up my seat because I was tired, but that I didnt give up my seat because I was tired of giving in. According to Rosa Parks, Mrs. Parks had meant to do no more than show one rude bus driver that blacks were being treated unfairly. She wasnt the first black to ever refuse to give up her seat, but her action had consequences. After she refused to give up her seat on the bus, the driver threatened to have her arrested, Mrs. Parks simply stated, You may do that. The policemen clearly didnt want to arrest her, but law forced them to. In the words of biographer Douglas Brinkley Rosas refusal to back down made her ‘the spiritual essence of the civil rights movement. Her decision showed thatShow MoreRelatedRosa Parks1690 Words   |  7 PagesRosa Parks, Causes and Consequences in her decision to change Black Civil Rights. Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was a black African American woman who was a civil rights activist. Rosa Parks was the â€Å"first lady of civil rights† she made a name for herself in history on the first of December 1955 while riding on the Montgomery Alabama bus. Rosa refused to give up her seat to a white passenger who had no where to sit as the bus as it was full. Even though Rosa was sitting in the right colour sectionRead MoreRosa Parks2265 Words   |  10 Pagesmight not think Rosa Parks was a significant black women and that she was just another black lady, she did a lot for African Americans, by helping blacks and whites unite. Through her courage of staying on that bus, she had proven a lot to the whites about blacks and what they are capable of doing. She not only changed history, but she also made a name for herself, because she stood up for herself and showed the whites we are all equal and should be treated and one kind. Rosa Parks had a humongousRead MoreRosa Parks Essay1897 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the African American civil rights movement opportunities were sought to spark a chance at improving conditions in the south. Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat on the Montgomery, Alabama bus was the fire to that spark. Rosa, standing up for herself something anyone person in today’s world would do, was arrested and put in jail. While Rosa was in jail she caught the eye of many people in the Civil Rights Movement, including the leaders. The Civil Rights leaders protested her arrestRead MoreThe Courage Of Rosa Parks1566 Words   |  7 Pages1101 April 19, 2016 The Courage of Rosa Parks ‘’Each person must live their life as a model for others.’’ (Rosa Parks) Rosa Parks was tired of the way African Americans were poorly treated. She took a stand by not obeying a demand to give up her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery bus. Because of her bold action she became a model to millions. Parks was an African American woman who became known for her bravery, which helped to change the nation. ‘’Parks spent most of her life fightingRead More Rosa Parks Essays3107 Words   |  13 PagesRosa Parks Forward Rosa Parks’ courage to stand up for rights as a citizen of the USA inspires me to this day to stand up for the ideals of freedom justice for all. Rosa Parks influenced many northerners lawmakers to look squarely at the discrimination victimizing Alabama’s black people, and work to correct injustice. A vital democracy requires citizen participation! The civil rights movement must continue today as immigrants, especially Arabs and Arab look-alikes are victims ofRead MoreRosa Parks Biography1005 Words   |  5 Pagescomfortable environment of peace.† (Achievement, 2010) This quotation embodies Rosa Parks’s philosophy as a person. Rosa Parks is a great example of that philosophy because of what she did. On December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks was coming home from a tiring day at work and was sitting on the bus. At that time the law was if a white person needed your seat, a coloured person would have to give up their seat for the white person. Mrs. Parks was tired of this way so she refused the bus drivers request and that smallRead MoreIs Rosa Parks a True Hero2506 Words   |  11 PagesRosa Parks-A True Hero A hero is a person, typically a man, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Despite what some may argue, Rosa Parks is a perfect example of a Civil rights hero. This can be seen not only through the famous Montgomery Bus ride, but also through other examples where she showed courage, made achievements, or proved herself to have noble qualities.1 These include: Sparking the Montgomery bus boycott, helping the formation of theRead MoreRosa Parks and Her Courage1341 Words   |  6 PagesRosa Parks and Her Courage â€Å"You must never be fearful about what you are doing when it is right.† This was said by Rosa Parks. She was an enormous inspiration to the African American Race. She was one among many who lived in a rough time for African Americans. She lived in a time when equality wasn’t really equal. When African Americans were scared/ weren’t allowed to state their opinions on different matters. However, Rosa Parks was an individual who stood up for herself. Rosa Parks helped theRead MoreA Brief Biography of Rosa Parks618 Words   |  3 Pagesyou ever heard of Rosa Parks? She stood up for rights of black people. If it wasnt for Rosa we wouldnt be able to go to the same school with some of the friends we have today. She never stopped on what she believed in. She was one of the people who started the bus boycott in Alabama. In this biography you will learn about Rosa’s childhood, adulthood, and greatest accomplishments. Lets learn about Rosa and what lead her to s tanding up for herself and others in a big way. Rosa Parks was born FebruaryRead MoreSpeech About Rosa Parks1139 Words   |  5 PagesI will be talking to you about Rosa Parks. Civil rights activist Rosa Parks was an African American woman whose bravery helped launch nationwide efforts to end segregation of public facilities(History.com). These efforts given by her helped our society we now know. Rosa Louise McCauley also known as Rosa Parks was born February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama. She grew up with one brother Sylvester and shortly after he was born her parents separated. Growing up Rosa had lived with racism in the south

Fashion Trends Shaped by Economic Issues Essay - 984 Words

The 1920’s, also called the roaring 20’s, was a time of change. During this time period the fashion for both men and women was changing immensely. The aftermath of WWI caused America to enter a vigorous era. As a result of the role of women during the war, many customs and morals were changing. The Stock Market started booming, many new dances and music came about, and women got the right to vote and enter the workforce. There was an uprise in almost every activity, and fashion was definitely one (Tirocchi, Anna and Laura). Although fashion varied throughout the decade, one could notice a drastic change from the prior fashion. There were many factors, like said above, that played into the changes of the 1920’s. As a result of World†¦show more content†¦It wasn’t until the 1930s that ready to wear clothes became available with multiple fabrics. Fabrics started to become more elaborate. They could now be embroidered or have prints and design s. Many women began to wear scarves with fringed edges. This was when beaded designs, bright colors and fringes became popular on dresses too (Hossell). Like clothing, the 1920‘s also took a great tole on women’s accessorization, the use of cosmetics, and tanning. Some popular accessories girls wore were long strand of pearls, bangles, dangling earrings and furs. The strands of pearls were normally looped a few time around the neck. Long straight fur coats without curves became very popular (Women’s Fashion Accessories). Women began getting their eyebrows thinned to emphasize a younger face. They started wearing make up around the eyes to make them look larger. Lipstick became popular to accent the upper lip and depth of the lower lip. Because women wanted to change their look with makeup, the makeup market started booming during this decade. Although you could buy makeup, few women still made their own makeup. They used soot for eyeshadow and petroleum jelly mixed with soot for mascara. Women began to wear heels, the most popular being the ankle-strap cuban heeled shoe. They wore brimmed hats, such as a cloche hat to finish their look. Later in decade, more headbands with feather were being worn instead of brimmed hats. This look coming from theShow MoreRelatedFashion in the 1950s1437 Words   |  6 PagesFashion in the 1950s had spawned a wide variety of styles with elements of originality as well as new distinctive styles, which had added a classic new age twist to the history of European fashion. Recovering from the catastrophic tragedies from the Second World War, the fifties had given hope to the people and also a new start of life of many people to choose their future freely. Due to the massive recover of the economy, the technological advancement allowed mass production of clothing in the fiftiesRead More Response to The Damned and the Beautiful: American Youth in the 1920s 1408 Words   |  6 Pagesand economical iss ues of the early twentieth century, youth played an active role in contemporary life. Adolescents responded to issues through altering their habits, behaviors and viewpoints. Their responses became evident in the public setting and American culture evolved. The transformation of American culture was spearheaded by youth who questioned and went against cultural norms of past generations. Societal changes were visible through family, education, socialization, fashion and style andRead MoreEssay The Creation of Modern Dating1271 Words   |  6 PagesA quote taken John McKeon which served as a very accurate representation of teenage life and culture in the 50’s. But, of course, the teenagers didn’t care about the rules in this decade, especially in North America. With newfound freedom from an economic boom after WWII which didn’t require teenagers to work anymore, teenagers, with a lot more free time, did all sort of things like listen to â€Å"rock n’ roll † and â€Å"bop† or go dating or adoring black rock stars, all of which were considered â€Å"rebellious†Read MorePolitics And Popular Culture During The 1960s1279 Words   |  6 Pagesthey were. America in the 1980s was inclined to challenge authority and tradition, as the people were vibing with attitude and vivid thoughts. This newly found confidence was introduce with the electron of Ronald Reagan, generating both social and economic change. Reagan’s restoration of the economy gave the people a sense of relief, allowing them to avail a life of extravagance and prosperity. As a result, pop culture conquered the scene. Politics and popular culture had a great influence on one anotherRead MoreThe Events Of World War I1245 Words   |  5 Pagesprogressive, while other parts remained true to right wing beliefs, and as a result, coexistence proved to be too difficult. While Germany was having its own civil issues stemming from internal unrest, outside fact ors would also greatly influenced the crises which would call into question the future of Germany. 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Theoretical Analysis Community in the 21st century Free Sample

Question: Theoretical Analysis Community in the 21st Century. Answer: Community Work (Social Work) Bernick and Cervero argue that people who share similar customs, beliefs, cherish the same values, and religion forms a community. At times the people in a community live in one place. It implies that they share the same geographical location. There are various connections between the people that tie them together thus impacting the sense of togetherness in them. The relations between the people are responsible for keeping them glued to each other. Social ties compliment the feeling of belonging to a group of individuals who belong to a given community. The relationships are vital in the practices that take place in each social setting. Even though most communities are associated with small groups of people, others are affiliated by large masses of individuals. They include the international communities and the national communities. Bernick and Cervero propose that community works have been in existence for many years. They are the work done to benefit humanity at a free charge. They are done by groups of people or associations that do not seek profits from their work. The work being done by these unique groups have led to developments in the community. The activities done by the social groups are many. They include counselling, advocacy, information production and distribution among others. The groups involved in social work include non-governmental organizations, non-profit organizations, and community organizations, incorporated and unincorporated organizations among others. On the other hand, community development is the state in which the members of a community join hands to perform a similar task (Innes, J.E. and Booher, 2004, p.420). The actions taken are usually meant to bring about solutions to the challenges facing the community. In the twenty-first century, community development is perceived as the gl obal network formed by scholars and other practitioners in various fields which seek to promote sustainable development, justice among the people, opportunities in the economic sector and the rights of every human being. There are different ways in which the social and the technological changes have shaped community development. Bernick and Cervero, are for the idea that the social changes have impacted different fields in the lives of people across the world. The change has touched areas such as globalization, poverty levels, inequality, women issues, diversity in cultures, and the rights of the people. Community practices are managed by organizers in the communities, program developers, and the leaders in the community, researchers and the policy makers of the land (Innes, J.E. and Booher, 2004, p.425). Social development has enhanced families acquire skills to sustain themselves. Networks have been formed to increase individual capacities as well as those of different organizations. One of the ways through which social change has influenced the community is through populations. The distribution of the population has occurred for many years. In the 21st century, the developing countries have become the nations with the largest shares of the world's people. Dale and Hill argue that the patterns of the work being done by men and women have been altered hence in most countries across the world the gender does not dictate the action to be executed. The population is determined to make the countries economically stable. It implies that both sexes contribute largely to the social change. The variations in the social relations among people have changed the concepts of community. The forms of relationships among people influence how they behave towards each other. The interactions control the actions taken by the people. Social behaviours dictate people`s social lives because they perform every action with a goal. The objectives suggest that a community has the aims that it wishes to achieve in a given period. Technological changes have influenced the concept of community in many ways. Bulmer suggests that the community is viewed as an avenue where information can be collected easily. The advancement in the mechanization of producing improvised gadgets that gather information has made people seek for data using modern products and devices. Using mobile phones has posed a threat to the communities as people are being disconnected from their communities. The members of the community see the changes in technology as a positive way of developing the economy. Communities have advocated for the use of modern means of production because they tend to improve the quality of life (Campbell, 2014, p.48). The leadership of many countries has become easy to monitor using the advanced technology. It is because the governments are applying the technology to in implementing some services to the people. On the other hand, some people in the communities have found out that the use of the modern technology has led to increased unemployment, destruction of the environment and disruptions of families (Carlsson and Nilsson, 2016, p.1118). Studies made have proven that the old and the young in the communities agree that modern technology creates problems in the societies. It is because people spend less time with their family members. Surveys propose that teenagers are more involved on their devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and video games. According to Stein, the old generation of people does not agree that technology has helped much in the communities. For instance, the old view using phones to communicate less efficient to applying the face-to-face method. They suggest that using phones is just like hiding behind a phone. The Heartland Monitor poll suggests that the attitudes of people regarding the issue of modern technology as negative. It is because the use of digital computing and communications has made people glued to their devices. This has interfered with how people socialize. The situation has reshaped the community life since community practices have been impacted. The forms of community practice incorporate community organizing, social planning, management of the human work, developments in the community among others. In the current times, community practices are based on economic developments, urban planning and public relations among the people. Different forms of religions have been crafted to suit the needs of individuals in the communities (Laurence and Bentley, 2016, p.55). All the religions differ in the values they uphold and have changed compared to the traditional religions that were there in the past. People have embraced new rights compared to the customs that were present in the old times. Communities have come up with strategies to manage disasters and problems whenever they occur (Campbell, 2014, p.56). For instance, in Japan, there are community-based disaster management systems that have formulated to combat problems that arise in the country. The idea was implemented because there have been many cases of the natural disaster facing the country. CBDM has managed to deal with floods, fires, droughts; building collapses among other tragedies that have been witnesses in the country. The new method was from the village system of the old Japan. The process and the mechanisms of the community-based disaster management apply new techniques. All the problems being handled by the emergency management improve the social policy. Rochester, Paine, Howlett, Zimmeck and Paine (2016) argue that various fields of policy within governments in providing social services to the citizens have been enhanced to promote the development of the social status. The quality of lives among the people is improved through using the stipulated guidelines and the activities that influence human welfare. The School of Economics in London recognizes social policy as a discipline that analyses societies and the social needs of the people in a given community. Nowadays social policy is perceived as a study and not a discipline by most scholars. It is because it has evolved with time. In the olden days, social policy was based on the aims and goals behind it. For instance, for one to minimize the levels of poverty one had to provide avenues for self-development Economic growth was also a target that could reduce poverty. Mandell, N. and Johnson suggest that the social security systems were grouped using their models of intervention. The systems focus their attention towards universal principles. Countries such as Sweden focus its attention towards assisting the poor in the society. The needs met by the social policy include education, health care services, housing, and security in the economic sector of the people. The social well-being in the system covers the entire well-being of the population in a given country as well as eradicating poverty (Honig, Lampel, Siegel and Drnevich, 2017, p.86). In the U.S, the religious and the scientific ideas have influenced social policy. The government has invested in creating jobs for the people to promote the economy by using different projects. Various Acts in the constitution caters for the every child to receive an education. An example is the No Child left Behind Act that was proposed a president as an education plan that would promote education for all. It is a program that ensures that each child gets the necessary skills needed for sustainability. The policies have led to people conducting research to establish how social and technological changes have shaped the community. Researchers have been employed in different fields such as science, especially in medicine. It is because the members of the communities require information that they can rely on to make sound decisions. The methods used by researchers are based on different projects that have specific aims and agendas (Honig, Lampel, Siegel and Drnevich, 2017, p.89). The studies are meant for diagnosing conditions in a community, executing a given prescription on a challenge facing a community or assessing the impact of the implementation of the order. Research is conducted using different stages for it to bear positive results. Each stage plays a vital role in establishing the solution to a problem challenging the community. The outcome of the study relies on the reliability and the validity of the information gathered by the one performing the research. The Community service workers and the professional personnel involved in conducting research come with guides to implementing the changes they recommend to the communities (Honig, Lampel, Siegel and Drnevich, 2017, p.82). Scholars, community development staff, and the activists find research to be more efficient. It is because research provides better mechanisms to apply in dealing with problems facing the society. Project based research improves the democracy of a group of people by issuing ways through which people can share duties and power. Community workers always aspire to make a difference whenever they perform research. Political decisions are influenced by the changes in the community. Joined people advocate for particular issues and decisions. The knowledge in the social changes is focused on the policies of the government as well as the laws passed by the legislature. Taylor suggests that variations in the community have made people take up the responsibility of leading others in the governments. The issue of representation has been debated for many years in most nations around the world. The people representing others are making advancements in the way community work is conducted in the countries. They are doing so through the formation of laws and policies that govern the way services are provided to the people. Gilchrist, and Taylor argue that lobbying involves the person who makes decisions on political grounds and the decisions that a community or an individual is concerned about every day. Lobbying targets right decision making in people. Nowadays, some policies stipulate the direction whic h lobbying is done. Disability issues must be catered for when lobbying is being done. Various factors have shaped and reshaped the concept of community. Climate is one of the factors that have shaped the idea of community. The change in the climate has made people devise ways of dealing with the adverse conditions in the world. Green and Haines argues that the change in the values of the citizens has compelled them to make drastic shifts in the way they behave. The technology has fostered community developments. Advanced levels of technology have made people more productive in many aspects. Education systems are also responsible for shaping the community. The application of formal education has empowered people`s abilities to come up with better methods of doing things (Laurence and Bentley, 2016, p.61). Simpler techniques that have made the world a better place to live in have been created by using modern tools and equipment. Community work has become an avenue where people`s lives n are made better by incorporating new ways of detecting community problems. Freedom and justice among individuals have resulted in people to enjoying different standards of living. Involvement in Democratic leadership and being respected by others influence how people carry themselves in the community. The emotions of citizens in a given community dictate their behavior thus defines how a community should be perceived. References Bernick, M. and Cervero, R., 1997. Transit villages in the 21st century. Bulmer, M., 2015. The Social Basis of Community Care (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Campbell, C., 2014. Community mobilisation in the 21st century: Updating our theory of social change?. Journal of Health Psychology, 19(1), pp.46-59. Carlsson, E. and Nilsson, B., 2016. Technologies of participation: Community news and social media in Northern Sweden. Journalism, 17(8), pp.1113-1128. Crow, G. and Allan, G., 2014. Community life. Routledge. Dale, A. and Hill, S.B., 2001. At the edge: Sustainable development in the 21st century (Vol. 6). UBC Press. Gilchrist, A. and Taylor, M., 2016. The short guide to community development. Policy Press. Green, G.P. and Haines, A., 2015. Asset building community development. Sage publications. Honig, B., Lampel, J., Siegel, D. and Drnevich, P., 2017. Special Section On Ethics in Management Research: Norms, Identity, and Community in the 21st Century. Academy of Management Learning Education, 16(1), pp.84-93. Innes, J.E. and Booher, D.E., 2004. Reframing public participation: strategies for the 21st century. Planning theory practice, 5(4), pp.419-436. Laurence, J. and Bentley, L., 2016. Does ethnic diversity have a negative effect on attitudes towards the community? A longitudinal analysis of the causal claims within the ethnic diversity and social cohesion debate. European Sociological Review, 32(1), pp.54-67. Mandell, N. and Johnson, J.L., 2016. RACE, CLASS, AND SExUALITY. Rochester, C., Paine, A.E., Howlett, S., Zimmeck, M. and Paine, A.E., 2016. Volunteering and Society in the 21st Century. Springer. Stein, M.R., 2015. The eclipse of community: An interpretation of American studies. Princeton University Press. Taylor, D.C. and Taylor, C.E., 2016. Just and lasting change: When communities own their futures. JHU Press. Wilken, R., 2014. Teletechnologies, place, and community. Routledge.